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J-107088, also called Edotecarin, is a drug being studied for cancer treatment. It belongs to a group of medicines known as topoisomerase I inhibitors, which work by blocking an enzyme cancer cells need to grow. Edotecarin is not yet a standard treatment and is mainly seen in research or clinical trials. Patients should discuss with their care team what this drug means for their specific situation.
J-Pouch Coloanal Anastomosis is a surgical procedure where a 2-4 inch section of the colon is shaped into a J-shaped pouch and connected to the anus after the rectum is removed. This pouch helps store stool until it can be passed. It is important for patients and caregivers to understand this term in context and discuss with their care team how it applies to their individual situation.
J-Pouch colorectal anastomosis is a surgery often done after removing most of the rectum for rectal cancer. In this procedure, a small section of the colon is shaped into a J-shaped pouch to help store stool before it leaves the body. This helps improve bowel control. Patients should discuss with their care team how this procedure applies to their own treatment, rather than assuming it means a specific diagnosis or plan.
A JAK inhibitor, also called a Janus kinase inhibitor, is a medicine that blocks enzymes involved in cell growth, blood cell production, inflammation, and immune system activity. Some JAK inhibitors are used to treat certain cancers and inflammatory conditions. If you see this term, ask your care team how it relates to your specific situation rather than assuming it is a diagnosis or treatment plan.
The JAK2 gene makes a protein that helps control how many blood cells your bone marrow produces. Changes in this gene can cause some blood disorders where the body makes too many blood cells. If you see JAK2 mentioned in your care, it’s important to ask your medical team what it means for you personally, rather than assuming it is a diagnosis or treatment by itself.
Jakafi (ruxolitinib phosphate) is a medicine approved to treat adults with certain bone marrow diseases called myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera, especially when other treatments have not worked well. It works by blocking a protein called JAK that helps abnormal blood cells grow. Jakafi is also being studied for use in other types of cancer and conditions involving the immune system.
A Jamshidi needle is a special hollow needle used to take a small sample of bone marrow tissue. It has a sharp, tapered tip and a handle where a syringe can be attached. Doctors use it to collect bone marrow samples for tests or sometimes to deliver medicine directly into the bone. If you see this term, ask your care team how it relates to your care, as it is a tool, not a diagnosis or treatment by itself.
A Janus kinase inhibitor (JAK inhibitor) is a medicine that blocks enzymes called Janus kinases, which help control cell growth, blood cell production, inflammation, and immune system activity. Some JAK inhibitors are used to treat certain cancers and autoimmune diseases. Because they affect the immune system, they may increase the risk of infections and other side effects, so doctors use them carefully.
The Japanese Macrobiotic Diet is a nutrition approach sometimes discussed in cancer care for its potential effects on nutrition, metabolism, inflammation, digestion, immune health, and treatment tolerance. It is considered a functional or independent diet protocol and may be used as supportive care or an alternative approach. Patients should consult their healthcare team before making major diet changes during cancer treatment.
Jaundice is a condition where the skin and the whites of the eyes turn yellow. It happens when the liver isn’t working properly or when bile flow is blocked. In cancer care, jaundice can signal liver or bile duct problems caused by tumors or blockages. It’s important to understand jaundice in context and ask your care team what it means for your specific situation.
Javlor, also known as vinflunine, is a chemotherapy drug being studied mainly for bladder cancer. It belongs to a group of medicines called vinca alkaloids, which come from the periwinkle plant. Javlor may be used when other treatments have not worked. Patients may see this name in medical reports or treatment plans and should ask their care team what it means for their specific situation.
Jaypirca, also known as pirtobrutinib, is a targeted cancer medicine used to treat certain blood cancers like mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It works by blocking a protein called BTK that helps cancer cells grow. Jaypirca is taken by mouth and is often used when other treatments have not worked. Patients should discuss with their care team how this medicine fits their specific treatment plan.
JEB is a chemotherapy treatment combining carboplatin, etoposide phosphate, and bleomycin, used mainly to treat certain childhood ovarian and testicular germ cell cancers that have spread. The term JEB may also relate to junctional epidermolysis bullosa, a rare inherited skin condition linked to fragile skin and increased skin cancer risk. If you see this term in your care, ask your healthcare team what it means for your situation.
JEB Regimen is a chemotherapy treatment combining three drugs—carboplatin, etoposide phosphate, and bleomycin—used mainly to treat certain childhood ovarian and testicular germ cell cancers that have spread. The term JEB can also refer to a rare inherited skin condition called junctional epidermolysis bullosa, which causes fragile skin and may increase skin cancer risk. If you see this term, ask your care team what it means for your situation.
A jejunostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening through the skin into the jejunum, the middle part of the small intestine. This opening allows a feeding tube to be placed directly into the small intestine to provide nutrition when eating by mouth is not possible or safe. It is often used in cancer care when patients have difficulty eating or need nutrition support.
The jejunum is the middle part of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum. It helps digest food and absorb important nutrients like vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water. Understanding the jejunum can help patients and caregivers better follow discussions about digestive health and treatments. This entry helps connect the word with diagnoses, testing, treatments, supportive care, research notes, protocols, media, books, people, organizations, and safety concerns.
Jelmyto is a medicine used to treat a certain type of urothelial cancer in adults. It works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, which may help stop their growth or kill them. Jelmyto is given directly into the urinary tract through a catheter. If you hear this term, it’s important to talk with your care team about what it means for your specific situation.
Jemperli (dostarlimab) is a medicine used to treat certain advanced or recurring endometrial cancers, especially those with a genetic change called mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). It helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. Jemperli is given to adults whose cancer has worsened after chemotherapy and who cannot have surgery or radiation.
Jevtana, also known as cabazitaxel or taxoid XRP6258, is a chemotherapy drug used with prednisone to treat advanced prostate cancer that has spread and no longer responds to hormone-lowering treatments. It is usually given to men whose cancer has not responded to prior chemotherapy with docetaxel. Jevtana works by stopping cancer cells from growing and dividing.
The Jewett Staging System, also called the ABCD Rating or Whitmore-Jewett Staging System, is a way doctors describe how far prostate cancer has spread. It uses letters A through D to show if the cancer is only inside the prostate, has grown outside it, or has spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body. This helps guide treatment decisions and understand the cancer’s stage.
Jiang Huang, also known as Indian Saffron or Turmeric, is a plant from East India whose underground stem contains curcumin, a yellow substance with possible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used as a spice, food coloring, and dietary supplement. Researchers are studying it for potential roles in cancer prevention and managing side effects, but it is not an approved cancer treatment.
Jim’s Juice is a liquid mixture promoted under various names like Cancell, Cantron, and Protocel as a treatment for cancer and other diseases. None of its ingredients have been proven effective against cancer. Since 1989, it has been illegal in the U.S. to make, sell, or distribute Jim’s Juice as a treatment for any disease. Patients should discuss any interest in such products with their healthcare team.
JM 216, also called BMS-182751 or satraplatin, is an experimental drug studied mainly for prostate and other cancers. It contains platinum and works by damaging cancer cells’ DNA to stop their growth. JM 216 is not yet a standard treatment and may be available only through clinical trials. Patients should ask their care team how it might relate to their specific care.
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) is a very rare type of leukemia that affects young children, usually under age 4. It is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow where abnormal cells grow and spread into tissues like skin, lungs, and intestines. JMML is caused by changes in the DNA of bone marrow cells. Diagnosis involves blood tests, bone marrow tests, and genetic studies. Treatment may include chemotherapy, stem cell transplant, and targeted therapies.
Johimbe, also called Yohimbe, is a tree native to West Africa. Its bark contains yohimbine, a chemical studied for sexual dysfunction. The bark is used as a supplement for bodybuilding and to enhance male sexual performance. It may interact with some medicines. Patients should ask their care team how Johimbe relates to their care instead of assuming it is a treatment or diagnosis.
A joint is where two or more bones meet in the body, such as the knee, shoulder, or wrist. Joints allow movement and provide support. They can be affected by conditions like arthritis, gout, or injuries. In cancer care, joints may be examined to check for pain, swelling, or damage caused by disease or treatment. Understanding joint health helps patients and caregivers discuss symptoms and care options with their medical team.
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) is a rare inherited condition where multiple abnormal growths called juvenile polyps develop in the digestive tract, often before age 20. People with JPS have a higher risk of certain cancers, including colorectal, stomach, small intestine, and pancreatic cancers. Diagnosis depends on the number and location of polyps and family history. If you see JPS mentioned, ask your care team what it means for you.
JS–101, also known by names like Cancell, Cantron, Protocel, and Jim’s Juice, is a liquid mixture once promoted as a treatment for cancer and other diseases. None of its ingredients have been proven effective against cancer. Since 1989, it has been illegal in the U.S. to make, sell, or distribute JS–101 as a treatment for any disease. Patients should discuss any interest in such products with their healthcare providers.
JS–114, also known as Cancell, Cantron, Protocel, Jim’s Juice, and Sheridan’s Formula, is a liquid mixture once promoted as a treatment for cancer and other diseases. None of its ingredients have been proven effective against cancer. Since 1989, it has been illegal in the U.S. to make, sell, or distribute JS–114 as a treatment for any disease. Patients should discuss any interest in such products with their healthcare providers.
Juice fasting, also called juice cleansing, is a diet where a person drinks only fruit and vegetable juices and avoids solid foods for a period of time. It is sometimes promoted as a way to detoxify the body or support health, but these claims are not supported by scientific evidence. Juice fasting can carry health risks, especially for people with certain medical conditions or cancer, so it should be discussed with a healthcare provider before trying.
Juicing or fresh vegetable juices means extracting liquid from raw vegetables and sometimes fruits to make nutrient-rich drinks. In cancer care, juicing is sometimes used to support nutrition, digestion, immune health, and treatment tolerance. While it can help increase vitamin and mineral intake, there is no scientific proof that juicing can cure or prevent cancer. Always discuss juicing with your healthcare team to ensure it fits safely into your care plan.
Juicing or fresh vegetable juices means drinking liquids made by extracting juice from raw vegetables, sometimes mixed with fruits. In cancer care, juicing is used to support nutrition, digestion, immune health, and treatment tolerance. While it can help increase vitamin and mineral intake, there is no scientific proof that juicing cures or prevents cancer. Always talk with your healthcare team before starting juicing to ensure it fits safely into your care plan.
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a rare inherited skin condition that causes fragile skin and blisters from minor injury. It often starts at birth and can affect the skin and inner linings of organs. People with JEB may have a higher risk of certain skin cancers, such as squamous cell carcinoma. Careful skin protection and regular check-ups are important for managing this condition.
A junctional nevus is a type of mole where clusters of pigment cells (nevus cells) are found only in the outer layer of the skin, called the epidermis. These moles may be slightly raised and colored. Understanding this term can help you talk with your healthcare team about skin checks and mole monitoring, but it does not mean you have skin cancer.
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) is a very rare type of blood cancer that mainly affects young children, usually under age 4. It causes abnormal white blood cells to grow uncontrollably and spread into tissues like the skin, lungs, and intestines. JMML is caused by changes in the DNA of bone marrow cells and requires specialized diagnosis and treatment.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a rare, benign (non-cancerous) tumor made of blood vessels and connective tissue. It usually forms at the back of the nose and can grow into nearby areas like the upper throat, sinuses, and bones around the eyes. This tumor most often affects young males and can cause symptoms such as nosebleeds, runny nose, and trouble breathing through the nose.
Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma is a slow-growing brain tumor that usually affects children and young adults. It forms from supportive brain tissue called glial cells and is more common in the brain than the spinal cord. Understanding this term in the context of an individual’s care is important, so patients and caregivers should discuss what it means for their specific situation with their healthcare team.
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) is a rare inherited condition where multiple noncancerous growths called juvenile polyps develop in the digestive tract, often before age 20. People with JPS have a higher risk of certain cancers, including colorectal, stomach, small intestine, and pancreatic cancers. Diagnosis depends on the number and location of polyps and family history.
Juvenile Rickets, also called infantile rickets or rachitis, is a condition in children where bones become soft and misshapen due to low levels of calcium and phosphorus. This usually happens because the body lacks enough vitamin D, which is needed to absorb these minerals. It is important to understand this term in context and ask your healthcare team how it relates to your or your child’s health.